Across history, some of the world’s most advanced cities have vanished beneath ash, mud, water, and sediment. Unlike cities destroyed by war, these were overwhelmed by forces far beyond human control, ...

Below the Clouds” and Werner Herzog’s “Ghost Elephants” offer thrilling but troubled visions of a world in environmental flux.

Hot-mixed Roman concrete used quicklime “healing” clasts that seal cracks over time, explaining Pompeii’s long‑lasting ...