Dipole toroidal modes are a unique set of excitations that are predicted to occur in various physical systems, ranging from atomic nuclei to metamaterials. What characterizes these excitations, or ...

The basic configuration of traditional propellers has not fundamentally changed since the first powered flight by the Wright brothers in 1903. However, as engineers learn more about aerodynamics and ...

The fusion created by magnetically confined plasma is a promising clean and essentially unlimited future energy source. However, there are important problems hindering controlled fusion like the ...

Astronomical evidence, built up over eight decades, indicates that only one-sixth of the matter in the Universe comprises fundamental particles whose properties are understood 1,2. The existence of ...