Certain years in European history — 1789, 1914 and 1989 among them — mark major inflection points, where history that had seemed to be going in one direction suddenly veered off into another. 1848, by ...

ON February 22, 1848, Richard Rush, the American Minister to the Court of the Tuileries, noted in his diary that he had just returned from a soirée at the Roche-foucaulds'. The party was not large but ...

In 1848, inspired by the wave of revolutions sweeping Europe, Hungarians rose against Habsburg rule demanding independence, a constitution, and civil rights. Led by Lajos Kossuth, they briefly ...

This first volume of a new series, The Oxford History of Modern Europe, deals with the external relations of the European Great Powers from the Revolution of 1848 to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and ...

This article examines the relationship between police forces and Parisian society during the two final revolutions of nineteenth-century France in 1848 and 1871. The comparison between these two ...

Revolutionary Spring. By Christopher Clark. Allen Lane; 896 pages; £35. To be published in America by Crown in June; $40 At the outset of this magnificent chronicle of the events leading up to and ...

TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. About the Archive This is a digitized version of an article from The Times’s print archive, before the start of online ...

It started in January on the rim of the Mediterranean, in Sicily. A month later, Paris was at the barricades. Throughout 1848, no fewer than four dozen revolts cascaded across continental Europe. New ...

An article about the conditions of the working class in the German States and Vienna in the 1840s and the early beginnings of class consciousness… A short history of the newspaper Neue Rheinische ...

At a time of seemingly uncontrollable environmental, geopolitical, and economic crises, the revolutionary wave that swept Europe in 1848 has much to teach us. It, too, revealed the chaotic potential ...

The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars devastated Europe, but the three decades following the defeat and exile of Bonaparte in 1815 were marked by relative calm, as monarchs across Europe ...